PWA (Progressive Web App) – What It Is and How to Build One

PWA – Progressive Web App

A PWA is a web app that uses a service worker to cache assets and work offline to some degree, and a web app manifest so it can be added to the home screen and open in full screen. Users get an app-like experience without downloading from a store.

Main pieces

manifest.json – app name, icons (192x192, 512x512), start_url, display (standalone/fullscreen), theme_color. The browser shows “Add to home screen”.
Service worker – a JS file registered by the page. Controls caching (cache-first, network-first) and allows showing cached content offline.
HTTPS – required for service workers.

Next.js and PWA

With plugins like next-pwa or manual Workbox integration you can generate a service worker and serve the manifest. Static pages are easy to cache; for dynamic ones you decide what stays available offline.

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Frequently asked questions

What is a PWA?

A Progressive Web App is a web app that uses a service worker for caching and offline support and can be 'installed' from the browser (add to home screen, push notifications). The experience feels like a native app.

How do I make my site a PWA?

You need: manifest.json (name, icons, start_url), HTTPS, and a service worker for caching. In Next.js you can use next-pwa or workbox to generate the service worker.

Does PWA work on iOS?

Yes. Safari has supported service workers and add to home screen for years. Some APIs (push) have limits vs Android, but basic offline and install work.